Evaluation of antibacterial effect of Concentrated Growth Factor on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis

Abstract

Introduction: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis are the two main bacteria that cause Periodontitis which is an inflammatory disease of periodontal tissues. Numerous antibacterial agents have been introduced to fight against these periodontal pathogens but the antibacterial efficacy of Concentrated Growth Factor has not been studied yet. Therefore, this study is aimed to investigate the antibacterial impact of Concentrated Growth Factor on the growth of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Materials and methods: In this study Concentrated Growth Factor was obtained from blood samples of healthy people. Blood samples were collected in sterile tubes without any anticoagulant and then the tubes immediately centrifuged for 14 minutes in a special CGF centrifuge (Silfradent, Italy). The Concentrated Growth Factor from each blood sample was divided into two parts, a positive control group to verify accuracy of the procedure and a negative group to rule out any contamination. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of CGF against A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis were determined by direct contact assay test. Disc diffusion test was used to measure bacterial growth inhibition zone. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS22 software and P value significance was set to 0.05. The normality of the data was assessed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) test to compare the antibacterial activity of the groups.

Results: The antibacterial property of CGF on A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis in the direct contact method was significantly higher than the control group in terms of MIC; however, it was the same as the control group at ½ MIC and ¼ MIC. The antibacterial property of CGF on the studied bacteria in concentrations of MIC and ¼ MIC is the same for both bacteria, but in ½ MIC, its impact on A. actinomycetemcomitans is significantly higher than P. gingivalis. Examining the MBC showed that the no MBC dose was obtained. Results of the disk diffusion test indicated the lack of the zones of bacterial growth inhibition.

Conclusion: Considering the limitations of our study, it can be concluded that CGF has antibacterial effectiveness against A. actinomycetemcomitans and P.gingivalis with no significant difference between two bacteria.