The effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on metabolic parameters, serum levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3, beta-catenin, BDNF, S100B and ZAG in patients with schizophrenia with vitamin D deficiency

Abstract

weeks of supplementation (p <0.001). Also, after the intervention, significant difference was observed between two groups in terms of TG (p = 0.020). After the intervention, the serum level of GSK-3β (p = 0.048) and ZAG (p = 0.017) significantly different in the intervention group compared to the placebo. Nonetheless, no significant difference was observed in inter-group and intra-group comparison for other metabolic and biochemical indices (p > 0.05). At the end of the intervention, there was a statistically significant difference in terms of total score, negative score and depression score of PANSS between the two groups (p = 0.028, p = 0.004 and p = 0.001). The number of people required for treatment (NNT) for reduction of about 15 scores of PANSS was calculated 2.6. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, vitamin D3 supplementation (2000 IU / day) for 8 weeks in patients with schizophrenia with vitamin D deficiency improved its serum levels and subsequently improved the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia. Vitamin D3 supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in WC, TG, GSK-3β and ZAG. The use of vitamin D as a complementary treatment in schziophrenic patients with vitamin D deficiency can be considered. Keywords: Schizophrenia, Vitamin D supplementation, Metabolic syndrome, Neuropeptide, Glycogen synthase kinase 3, Beta-catenin, Clinical symptoms