Evaluation of Efficacy of Melatonin in Treatment of Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Abstract

Melatonin is a lipophilic agent that enters cells quickly and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity has been proven. In this plan, by prescribing melatonin in addition to surfactant, which acts as an antioxidant and activator of antioxidant precursors, Its effect on respiratory distress syndrome was investigated. Materials and Methods: Premature infants who entered our study were randomly divided into two groups. In one group, surfactant was injected into the trachea and in the other group, in addition to surfactant, 5 mg / kg / day melatonin was administered for three days. All infants were screened daily for Fio2 and respiratory distress, clinical signs of PDA, and other complications and were followed for oxygen for at least 28 days after birth. Results: The mortality rate in the surfactant group was 15% and in the surfactant group with melatonin this amount was reduced by half (7.5%). This difference was statistically significant with P value = 0.009. Incidence rate Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other complications including pulmonary hemorrhage, air leakage syndromes, arterial duct opening, and intraventricular hemorrhage were less common in surfactant and melatonin recipients, and this difference was statistically significant.