Investigating The Association Between Chronic Endometritis and Repeated Implantation Failure ،Comparing Cervical and Endometrial Samples

Abstract

Chronic endometritis (CE) is a cause of infertility.In particular, CE can be one of the possible causes of recurrent implantation failure in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of cervical and uterine bacterial infections that have been suggested for CE (streptococcus, E. coli, enterococci), in women with a history of RIF and also clarify the association between prevalence and type of isolated bacteria from uterus and cervix.

Material and Methods: In this study, 31 women who had not been pregnant after at least two times embryo transfer in the last two years were enrolled. The cervical and uterine samples were taken in the follicular phase immediately after end of menstrual bleeding using sterile swabs and pipellebiopsy catheter, respectively and cultured in different culture media like THIO, Blood Agar, Macconkey Agar,Chocolate Agar. Results: The culture results demonstrated that 14cases of cervical samples (45.1%) were positive for the bacterial infection, while 17samples (54.8%) were negative. In the uterine culture, we observed 18 cases (58%) with CE (infection positive) and 13 cases (41.9%)without the bacterial infection. The prevalence of chronic end metritis in these women was high and was consistent with previous studies. Findings from microbial tests, separated by SPSS and EXCEL software. Kappa index was used to verify the agreement between the two variables (uterine and cervical samples). The resulting figure is (0.74), which is evaluated at the desired level according to the cited statistical tables.