The Process of Formation of (W) Holistic Caring View in Nurses.

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Promotion of w (holistic) view in nurses makes them consider all the aspects of patients, its effect on the treatment process and provides holistic care. Holistic care is a comprehensive model of caring which improves the treatment process and enhances professional autonomy and self –confidence. Despite the critical role of w (holistic) view in improving the quality of care and following problems lack of it, limited studies have addressed the formation of w (holistic) view in nurses; therefore, this study aims to explore the process of the formation of this phenomena in nurses. Methods: The present study was conducted based on the grounded theory between 2012 and 2014. The main participants in this study were nurses working in teaching hospitals in Tabriz, and Uremia, Iran. Selection of participants was initiated using purposeful and snowball sampling and continued by theoretical sampling until theoretical saturation was achieved. The main data collecting tool was unstructured interviews. A total of 32 interviews were carried out with 21 nurses, two nursing students and one nursing educator. Data were analyzed based on Corbin and Strauss (2008) approach. Results: Analysis of the data yielded the two main themes related to contextual factors: the structure of educational system and professional environment, both of which lead to nurses, lack of preparation for professional practice. The core category of development in designing of care program refers to strategies employed by these participants and represents the ways to the formation of a w (holistic) view in nurses. The strategies or action /interaction in this process include self –preparation for the clinical role and going beyond routine care. Comprehensive perception of patients, needs and providing care based on this perception are the main consequences of these strategies and cause nurse to develop an ideal health care program. Conclusion: Based on these results development in designing of care program, using of self –preparation for the clinical role and going beyond routine care strategies lead to formation of w (holistic) view in nurses. By considering defective educational system and imperfect clinical environments in this field, reforming the educational system and clinical environments are vital to formation of w (holistic) view in nurses, achievement of development in designing of care program and improve the quality of care.