Evaluation of antibacterial effects of gentamicin-loaded calcium carbonat nanoparticles against carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriacea

Abstract

Introduction: In recent years, the use of nanoparticles in the field of drug delivery has received much attention. Systemic treatment of infectious disease like osteomyelitis, a bone infectious disease, needs high serum concentrations of antibiotics for a prolonged period of time. Nanoparticles of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) have been reported to be useful as a drug carrier. Together with the drug delivery purposes, osteoconductivity properties of CaCO3 can provide a scaffold for the growth of damaged bone in the bone infectious diseases, osteomyelitis. Scope: In the present study, antimicrobial effects of gentamicin loaded CaCO3 were studied on carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Methods and materials: The nanoparticles were prepared via w/o microemulsion method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The in vitro drug release profiles as well as antimicrobial effect against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were also evaluated. The antibacterial effect was studied using serial dilution technique to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the nanoparticles and was confirmed by streak cultures. Results: The mean particle size and drug entrapment efficiency were calculated to be 66.23 nm and 25.3%, respectively. TEM study confirmed that calcite and vaterite polymorphs of CaCO3 were formed during the preparation process; however, the main percent was related to calcite form. Gentamicin loaded CaCO3 showed an appropriate antimicrobial effect against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Gentamicin loaded CaCO3 has the lowest antimicrobial effect than gentamicin. Gentamicin loaded CaCO3 MIC was directly related to Gentamicin MIC. The MIC range of Gentamicin loaded CaCO3 in the 20 isolates under study was 2-64 μg / ml. Conclusion: Gentamicin loaded CaCO3 can be considered as a drug delivery systems for infectious diseases.