Preparation and Evaluation of new Root repair material containing Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on human dental pulp stem cells

Abstract

Introduction: Over the past few decades, nanoparticles have been attracted enormous attention due to their functional properties. Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) is structurally similar to dental hydroxyapatite and has notable effects on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Portland cement is a main component of MTA and has similar physicochemical properties with calcium silicate-based cements. The aim of this study was to prepare a new root repair material including portland cement, bismuth oxide and nano-hydroxyapatite and analyze the effects of this combination on proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Material and methods: bismuth oxide as a radiopaque component and nano-hydroxyapatite particles were added to white Portland cement with 20% and 5% weight ratio, respectively. The viability of hDPSCs was assessed by MTT assay after 1,3 and 7 days. Also, the odontogenic potential of this substance was evaluated by measuring alkaline phosphatase in the culture medium. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc were used to compare the cell viability and induction of mineralization in the studied groups. P<0/05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The cell viability was significantly increased in new root repair material containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles after 3 and 7 days (p <0.05). Moreover, Alkaline phosphatase activity increased over a 7-day period in all experimental groups. However, this increase was higher in new root repair material and MTA compared to other groups (p <0.05). Conclusion: Taken together, our experimental results suggest that new root repair material containing nano-hydroxyapatite particles is favorable material and increased alkaline phosphatase activity as well as MTA in hDPSCs; while cell viability was higher in new root repair material in all experiment days.