frequency and severity of major depressive disorder in survived hospitalized patients with pneumonia

Abstract

Lower respiratory tract infections are amongst the most fatal infectious diseases. They are the fifth most common cause of death and the second leading cause of disability worldwide. Pneumonia accounts for 55.4% of lower respiratory tract infections which has a high rate of hospital admission and leads to great morbidity and mortality. It has been shown that hospitalized patients with pneumonia are at increased risk of depression and other mental disorders. Depression is amongst the mood disorders which disturbs mental health and in turn influences physical and social health. Material and methods. In this cross-sectional study, we studied patients who were admitted to Imam Reza and Sina hospitals due to pneumonia in Tabriz from 1398 to 1399. After obtaining written informed consent for participation, patients were interviewed by an expert psychiatrist. After confirmation of the diagnosis of major depressive disorder according to the SCID questionnaire, the patient filled out the Beck’s Depression Inventory as well to determine the severity of major depressive disorder. Statistical analyses were done by the SPSS software. Results. In this study, we found that the prevalence of major depressive disorder in patients who were hospitalized due to pneumonia, one month after discharge, was 22.8%. We found a statistically significant direct association between the incidence of major depressive disorder and duration of hospitalization. It should be noted that this association remained significant even after adjustment for possible confounders including age and sex. Although there was no significant association between age or sex with the incidence of major depressive disorder in univariate analysis, the logistic regression model (including age, sex, and duration of hospitalization) demonstrated that female sex and greater age are associated with a significantly higher incidence of major depressive disorder.