Comparison of the effectiveness of pistacia lentiscus oil and sesame oil on inflammatory and histopathological factors of ulcerative colitis in animal models (rat)

Abstract

Introduction: Pistacia lentiscus belongs to the Anacardiaceae family. Its resin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mastic on cytokines TNFα،interleukin 6 and myeloperoxidase in rats with colitis. Method & Material: 48 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: the first group of rat without colitis induction and by injection of normal saline through the anus, the second group of rat without colitis induction without treatment and only with saline injection through the anus. The third group of rat with induction of colitis and prednisolone administration (5 mg per kg per day); and the fourth group of rat with induction of colitis and administration of mastic oil (400 mg / kg / day) orally, the fifth group of rat with administration of mastic oil intra-rectal. The sixth group of rat induced colitis with sesame oil orally for six consecutive days. Effects of treatment were assessed by determining the cytokines interleukin 6 and TNFα and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, macroscopic scores and histopathological parameters. The results of each group were compared with rat in the colitis group by administering normal saline in the form of enema (rat of the second group). Results: After consuming sesame oil orally, the amount of myeloperoxidase in comparison with colitis was significantly reduced by administration of normal saline (P=0/025) rectally. Administration of mastic oil (400 mg / kg orally) in reducing the severity of colitis by reducing Total colitis index (p=0/046) was effective after six days. Rectally administration of mastic significantly reduced TNFα similar to the prednisolone orally compared to untreated colitis (p=0/024). Interleukin 6 did not change in the mastic orally and rectally and sesame oil oral groups. Conclusion: According to our results, mastic oil and sesame oil reduce inflammatory cytokines and this indicates that they can be used as natural resources to reduce the inflammation of ulcerative colitis.