Evaluation of effect of Nd:YAG and Er:YAG lasers on periodontal pathogens: systematic review

Abstract

Introduction: By removing the periodontal pathogens and even the invasive bacteria attacking the tissues as well as the lack of normal periodontal treatment procedures, using laser, as a complementary therapy, can have positive and useful impacts. The present study aims at investigating the impacts of Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser on the periodontal pathogens. Materials and methods: In this systematic review, articles in the databases of Google Scholar, PubMed and SCOPUs were searched within 2000-2020. All information are classified into a table. Results: In searching the aforementioned databases and considering the given time interval, 78 articles were found in connection to the searched keywords and abstracts. Once the repeated titles and articles were deleted, 25 studies were selected which were decreased to 16 by the meticulous review by the assessment team. The full text of these 16 articles were reviewed. To make the final choice, 8 articles had the inclusion criteria which included the objectives of this study. Conclusion: To use the laser in treating the chronic periodontitis, an evidence-based study seems to be conducted. There are a few scientific evidences indicating the advantage of a special laser wavelength in the common treatments. On the basis of most researches reviewed in this study, the results of complementary application of Nd:YAG and Er:YAg lasers in treating the chronic periodontitis are the better than the ones obtained from the normal teeth scaling and planing the teeth root surface in terms of the reduced probing depth and subgingival bacteria population. Decision was made to use the laser in periodontal surgery based on the advantages such as hemostasis and less pain after the treatment. However, more studies are needed to apply the laser in periodontal treatments.