The Relationship between Demographic and Histopathological Characteristics of Different Types of Oral Lichenoid Reactions in Patients referring to Tabriz dental school from 2004 to 2019

Abstract

Introduction The oral lichen planus, as the pre-cancer lesion being able to become the oral squamous cell carcinoma, is discussed. The present study aims at investigating the demographic and histopathologic characteristics of oral lichenoid reactions among the patients who referred to the Tabriz Faculty of Density since 2004 to 2019.

Materials and methods In this retrospective study, 112 existing slides from the patients with oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions in the ward of pathological diseases of Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry from 2004 to 2019 were investigated. The slides colored by H&E technique were prepared by the pathologists using the clinical and histopathologic diagnosis methods and the mediated WHO principles. The dysplasia changes were rated based on the newest WHO classification. The histopathologic and demographic characteristics of oral lichenoid reactions including the lichen planus, unilateral or bilateral, age, gender, underlying health condition, dysplasia, type of inflammatory cell, properties of epithelium and skin and place of lesion and wounds were investigated. The results were analyzed by SPSS20 and descriptive tests and T-test.

Results In this study, 112 slides diagnosed with lichen planus were examined among which 6.2%, 70.5% and 23.2% were responsible for erosive lichen, other lichen planus and other lichenoid reactions, respectively. Compliance of clinical and microscope diagnosis was 60.6%. There was no significant difference between the frequency of clinical view and location of lesion of three diseases. The most frequently location in three diseases was buccal. Among the patients with lichen planus, the frequency of lesion was superficial and among those with lichenoid and erosive lichen was deeper (P < 0.05). The frequency of dominant cells among the patients with lichen planus was related to lymphocyte and among those with the lichenoid and erosive lichen was related to lymphocyte and plasma cell. (P<0.05). The atrophic epithelium had the highest frequency among three groups. No sample had dysplasia.

Conclusion The relatively good diagnostic compliance indicates that the diagnosis of lichen planus is mostly clinically possible due to its typical view.