Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the Medical Health Centers in Tabriz.

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Pregnancy is a time when serial metabolic changes in the mother are carefully regulated to provide optimum substrate to both mother and fetus. Subtle perturbations in maternal metabolism can have implication not only for the index pregnancy but also for future generations. Screening Gestational diabetes during pregnancy is important to prevent and reduce maternal, fetal and neonatal implications. The diagnosis of gestational diabetes provides an important opportunity to identify women at high risk for future diabetes. This opportunity should be used to develop prevention strategies. Therefore this became motivation to survey “screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in the Medical Health Centers in Tabriz”. Methods and Materials: This is a descriptive correlational study which carried on pregnant women between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. All of them had prenatal care in Medical Health Centers in Tabriz. This centers were selected through “Cluster Sampling” and the subjects were selected through “Quota Sampling” method. Research setting was Tabriz Medical Health Centers. History of medical surgical disorder and previous overt diabetes mellitus were exclusion critical. Data collection instruments were included questionnaire, women’s health documents and blood glucose measurement. A screening test with 50 g of glucose was performed on pregnant women. Women with a 1-h plasma glucose > or=130 mg/dl underwent a 3-h 100 g oral glucose tolerance test. Data were analyzed by descriptive and deductive statistics. Results: According carpenter- constant criteria, pregnant women, and prevalence of gestational diabetes in pregnant women was 2.2%. 22(9.8%) subjects had a positive screening test (> or =130 mg/dl). There was a statistically significant difference between screening test results and age (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.01), family history of diabetes (p<0.001), parity (p<0.001) and Fasting Blood Sugar range (24-28 weeks of gestation) (p<0.001). Discussion: It is necessary to perform screening test in pregnant women with age over 30 years, BMI over 29 kg/m, family history of diabetes, high parity glycosuria, abortion and FBS>90 mg/dl (24-28 weeks of gestation) in order to prevent gestational diabetes implications as: Macrosomia, fetal distress and caesarian section delivery, to provide well outcomes of pregnancy.