Evaluation of microleakage of provisional crowns made by automix methods and three dimensional printing method with various type of temporary cements

Abstract

Background and goal: In the treatment of fixed prostheses, making of temporary coatings is one of the necessary steps. Marginal adaptation of the temporal coating is one of the most important factors in maintaining the health of the gum and dental pulp. various factors such as the method of fabrication, type of material used, as well as the type of cement can affect the amount of micro leakage temporary restoration micro-leakage. This study aimed to evaluate the amount of temporary restoration micro-leakage made by the Automex and three- dimensional printing attached using various temporary cements. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 54 human maxillary premolars were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and mounted in acrylic resin after 10% formalin disinfection. All teeth were prepared for full crown with Radial Sholder Finish Line. The specimens were randomly divided into two groups of 27 auto mix and 3D printer temporary coatings and each of these groups was randomly divided into three subgroups of 9 cemented with temporary cements of Olisemi Cem (olident, Germany), Temp-Bond (kerr, Italy) and Bifix temp (Voco, Germany). The specimens were then immersed in distilled water and thermocycled to mimic the oral environment. The specimens were stained with 2% methylene blue using a ×50 magnification stereomicroscope and the T Jan scale. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and independent t-test. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17 software. Findings: The average of micro-leakage in the 3D printed group was 2.22 and in the auto mix group was 2.37. The use of different cements had a significant effect on the micro-leakage of each group (P <0.05). Two-by-two micro-leakage analysis of the cements showed that with the Bifix temp (resin cement) cement in both groups, a high amount of micro-leakage was produced and the micro-leakage in this cement was not dependent on the type of restoration. While the micro-leakage content of the other cements in this study is dependent on the type of restoration. Conclusion: The use of Olisemi cem (ZO) cement resulted in minimal micro-leakage in the coatings made by 3D printing. In the auto mix Temp bond cement (ZOE) coatings, it had the lowest micro-leakage than other cements. The present study therefore recommends the use of Olisemi cem (ZO) cement in coatings made by 3D printers. Also, the results of this research showed that in limited clinical conditions where CAD CAM is not available, the use of auto mix coatings with Temp bond cement (ZOE) seems justified.