The Effect of a Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise Program on Sexual Function of Women During Pregnancy and After Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: There is insufficient evidence to support the use of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training for promoting sexual function. We aimed to examine effect of the training on sexual function (primary outcome), sexual quality of life and PFM strength (secondary outcomes) in pregnant and postpartum women. Methods: In this clinicalor-blind trial, 84 nulliparous women at 17-20 weeks of gestation were randomized into PFM training and usual care groups. The intervention group received four sessions supervised training, also practical, oral and written instructions on how to perform regular PFM exercises at home. Sexual function, sexual quality of life and PFM strength were assessed using female sexual function index, SQOL-F and Oxford scoring, respectively, at 28-30 weeks of gestation and 80-90 days following birth. Repeated measures ANOVA, ANCOVA and Mann-Whitney were used to compare the groups. Results: There were one loss to follow-up from the intervention and one from control group. Six women had not exercised regularly. Compared to the control group, mean total sexual function score was significantly higher in the PFM training group during both pregnancy (adjusted difference 9.4, 95% CI 7.7 to 11.0) and postpartum (13.0, 12.1 to 13.9). Also, scores of almost all domains of sexual function and sexual quality of life, as well as PFM strength were greater in the PFM group at the both periods. Conclusion: It seems PFM training started from 17-20 weeks of gestation could improve sexual function during pregnancy and postpartum in nulliparous women. Therefore, it should be recommended to all of the women.