Studying antibacterial and antifungal properties by adding chitosan to complete denture itssde conditioners - A clinical trial

Abstract

Introduction Chitosan can inhibit the growth in most of the pathogenic bacteries and fungis. The tissue conditioners are suitable places for growth and colonization of microorganisms. One method to inhibit the growth of microorganisms is to combine them with antibacterial and antifungal materials. This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal effects which result from adding Chitosan nanoparticles to complete denture tissue conditioner. Materials and Methods In this clinical trial study, the target population was the patients receiving Tissue conditioner referred to certified clinics in Tabriz city. In this clinical trial study, 42 patients referred to the clinics to get Tissue Conditioner, were randomly selected and after obtaining their consent entered the study knowingly. After a visit by two specialist prosthodontists and confirmation of the need for treatment by tissue conditioner, they were randomly divided into 7 groups. Before using tissue conditioner, oral microbial culture was performed by sterile swab for comparison. In the first group, the patients received the normal tissue conditioner (control group) and in the second to seventh groups patients received tissue conditioner containing chitosan nanoparticles with weight percentage of 0.625, 1.25, 2. 5 and 10 and 20 respectively. Before and after 24 and 48 hours from using Tissue conditioner, microbial culture of inside the mouth and the denture was performed by sterile swab. Results The complete growth inhibition of Candida Albicans was found to occur at 2.5 percent concentration of nanoparticles. On the other hand, nanoparticles concentration increased to 5 percent for Sterpococcus mutans, Enterococus Faecalis, and Pesedoumonas aeruginosa. It is worth mentioning that these results were observed for both 24 and 48 hours timings. Furthermore, it was understood that the optimum nanoparticle concentration for Candida albicans is 1.25 percent for both timings. Also, the optimum nanoparticle concentration for Sterpococcus mutans, Enterococus Faecalis, and Pesedoumonas aeruginosa is 2.5 percent for both 24 hours and 48 hours test. Conclusion The combination of Chitosan nanoparticles inhibit the growth of microorganisms in tissue conditioners. Also, these nanoparticles are more effective to inhibit the growth of fungi than bacteries.