Prevention of UV-Induced Skin Cancer in Mice by Gamma Oryzanol-Loaded Nanoethosomes

Abstract

Introduction: Skin cancer is one of important and widespread cancers worldwide which ultraviolet radiation derived sunlight exposure is the main cause of these malignancies. Utilizing preventive agents possibly will prevent UV-related skin damages. Gamma oryzanol (GO), a natural component derived from rice bran oil, has been revealed to have anticancer, antioxidant and skin anti-aging properties. We expanded GO anticancer effects and then investigated the preventive effects of gamma oryzanol loaded nanoethosomes (GO-NEs) against UVB-induced skin cancer. Methods: Nanoethosomes were prepared via a modified ethanol injection method and characterized. Antioxidant assays were studied via DPPH and cellular ROS detection methods. In vitro studies were investigated on murine melanoma cell lines (B16F10) and in vivo prevention effects examined on BALB/c mice under exposure of UVB lamps. Animal studies followed by histological evaluations. Results: Vesicle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficacy and loading capacity were found 80 ± 5 nm, -5 ± 0.9 mV, 96.36 ± 2.14% and 13.56 ± 1.46%, respectively. Antioxidant measurement showed the superiority of ethosomal system in protecting antioxidant activity during one year of storage. In vitro investigations showed nanoethosomal system could effectively improve cytotoxicity effects and increase apoptosis rate. Also, GO-NEs protected the cells against intracellular oxidative stress and significantly decreased the cell migration rate as compared free GO. In vivo studies demonstrated the superiority of effect of GO-loaded nanoethosomes (GO-NEs) against UVB-induced skin cancer. Conclusion: Our results proved that GO-NEs could effectively prevent UVB-induced skin cancer and could utilize as a new ingredient to cosmetics.