Preparation Nano Composite Based on PCL-PLA for Bone & Tooth Tissue Engineering Applications

Abstract

Various reasons can cause tooth loss. In this way, tissue engineering (TE) opened a new hope in reconstruction of the lost organs. Scaffold design play an important role in TE success. The aim of this study was to design the nanofiber scaffolds containing Poly caprolactone (PCL), Poly lactic acid (PLA), Nano Hydroxyapatite (nHA) and Zeolite in terms of investigation adhesion and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and cell viability. PCL and PLA were synthesized via Ring-Opening method separately. nHA and Zeolite powders were made by hydrothermal method. nHA and Zeolite were analyzed by XRD method. Designed scaffolds was prepared in 4 categories include: PCL-PLA, PCL-PLA-nHA, PCL-PLA-Zeolite and PCL-PLA-nHA-Zeolite by electrospinning method (Fanavaran Nano-Meghyas, Iran). Fourier transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis of nano fibers was obtained. DPSCs were seeded on fabricated scaffolds and viability of them on scaffolds investigated by MTT assay on 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days. Cells fixed via Glutaraldehyde on nano fibers on 14th day and coat with gold nano particles for SEM studies. FTIR showed functional groups of scaffolds elements. MTT assay results showed that DPSCs have the maximum growth and cell viability on PCL-PLA-Zeolite nano fibers on the 1st, 7th, 14th days and on PCL PLA-nHA nano fibers on 3rd day. SEM showed excellent adhesion and growth of DPSCs. Investigation of MTT results showed that Zeolite increases growth, cell viability and adhesion of DPSCs on electrospun nano fibers. Designed scaffold PCL-PLA -Zeolite could be a good candidate for dental applications that can improve osteoconductivity, odontogenesis and osteogenesis and cell behavior because of Zeolite structure.