Frequency of acute myeloid leukemia markers using flowcytometry in Urmia Imam Khomeini Hospital in one year

Abstract

Background and purpose: Using immunotyping in classifying leukemia is growing increasingly. This method provides useful information about proper classifying of leukemia, the prognosis and treatment of this disease. This study is conducted to determine frequency percentage of CD markers in patients suffering from acute leukemia who had referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia for one year. Materials and methods: The present descriptive study was conducted in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia from 22 July 2008 to 23 July 2009. Random samples were taken from pediatrics and adults' blood ward from the 119 referred patients within one year. Then, flowcytometry markers were measured, and environmental blood slide and marrow aspiration were studied. Results: The results demonstrated that 61 of them suffered from acute leukemia, 22 cases had chronic lymphoproliferative, and 36 patients were among miscellaneous group. Out of 61 cases with acute leukemia, 27 suffered from acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). Among the 27 cases with AML, one (3.7%) suffered from M1, 4 cases (14.8%) from M2, 5 cases (18.5%) from M3, 9 cases (33.3%) from M4, and 8 cases (29.6%) from M5. CD13 and CD33 markers were the most frequent ones in AML patients. It should be mentioned that some cases of appearance of lymphoid markers such as CD7 in AML-M3, CD5 and CD20 in AML-M4, CD4 and CD8 in AML-M5 have also been observed. Conclusion: The findings revealed that determining the frequency of acute myeloid leukemia markers with flowcytometry is a suitable method to study these markers.