Solubility of sildenafil citrate in propylene glycol plus water mixtures at various temperatures

Abstract

The solubility of sildenafil citrate (SC) in aqueous mixtures of propylene glycol (PG) was investigated. This study was carried out at different mass fractions of PG ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 at T=293.2-313.2K. The solubility of SC in the mixed solutions increased with increasing temperature and PG mass fraction.The solubility values were correlated by two co-solvency models (Jouyban-Acree model and van't Hoff-Jouyban-Acree model). The mean relative deviations (MRD) were 5.7% and 5.5%, respectively. Density of the SC-saturated solutions over the entire solvent composition and temperature range was also measured and the results correlated with the Jouyban-Acree model. Furthermore, the apparent thermodynamic properties, dissolution enthalpy, dissolution entropy and Gibbs free energy change of dissolution process of SC in all the mixed solvents were calculated according to van't Hoff and Gibbs equations. Dissolution of SC in these mixed solvents is an endothermic process.