Salt-assisted LLE combined with field-amplified sample stacking in CE for improved determination of beta blocker drugs in human urine.

Abstract

A simple and sensitive CE method was developed and validated for the analysis of some beta blockers in human urine.In this study, salting-out assisted LLE combined with field-ampli?ed sample stacking method was employed for biological sample clean-up and sensitivity enhancement in CE.Under the optimal conditions good linearity (r(2) ?0.998) was obtained, within 0.025-1 آµg/ml for propranolol and metoprolol, and within 0.05-1 آµg/ml for carvedilol in urine samples. LODs and LLOQs ranged from 0.005 to 0.015 آµg/ml, and from 0.025 to 0.05 آµg/ml, respectively. The RSDs of intra- and inter-day analysis of examined compounds were less than 4.0%. The recoveries were in the range of 98-119%.The validated method is successfully applied to determine propranolol, metoprolol and carvedilol in human urine samples obtained from the patients who received these drugs.