ارزیابی رفتارهای ترافیکی )ایمن( در عابرین پیاده شهرستان مهاباد با روش خوداظهاری
Loading...
Date
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز/دانشکده بهداشت
Tabriz University of Medical Scinces/Faculty of Health
Tabriz University of Medical Scinces/Faculty of Health
Abstract
مقدمه:
تصادفات رانندگی یکی از بزرگترین معضلات در دنیا و کشورهای در حال توسعه می باشد که سالانه منجر به فوت و معلولیت تعداد زیادی از افراد میشود. عابرین پیاده یکی از گروههاي آسیب پذیر در سوانح و حوادث ترافیکی می باشند که نسبت به ساير استفاده کنندگان از جاده بيشتر در معرض خطر می باشند .شناسايي و درک عواملی که در رفتار هاي پر خطر عابرین در عبور از جاده نقش دارند حایز اهمیت می باشند. بنابراین مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی رفتارهاي ترافیکی عابرین پیاده در شهرستان مهاباد انجام شد.
روش کار: اين پژوهش مطالعه اي توصیفی- تحلیلی از نوع مطالعات مقطعی می باشد که در سال 1399-1398 بر روي 514 نفر از عابرین شهرستان مهاباد انجام گرفت. روش نمونه گيري به صورت نمونه گیری خوشه ای چند مرحله اي بود که براساس مراجعین مراکز خدمات بهداشتی درمانی انتخاب شدند. براي گردآوري اطلاعات،پرسشنامه استاندارد سنجش رفتار ترافيکي عابرين پياده توسط پژوهشگر تکمیل شد. در نهايت اطلاعات با استفاده از نرم افزار آماري -25 SPSS و با بهره گيري از آزمون هاي آماري مناسب (کروسکال والیس و تي تست) مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
یافته¬ها: در مطالعه انجام گرفته5/59%زنان و 5/40%مردان شرکت داشتند. 9/74%از افراد متاهل بودند و 5/52%دارای 7تا12کلاس سواد داشتند . 5/45% از جامه آماری شرکت کننده در مطالعه از خودروی شخصی استفاده می کردند.و در مطالعه صورت گرفته نمره رفتار ترافیکی زنان 28/75بود که به نسبت مردان بیشتر بود . در ضمن هر چه میزان تحصیلات افراد بالاتر می رفت میانگین نمره رفتار ترافیکی بیشتر می شد و رابطه معنی داری داشت. ميانگين سني افراد شرکت کننده در اين مطالعه 76/31 سال بود . فراوانی رفتارهای مرتبط با رفتارهای مثبت، رفتارهای نقض و تخلف وحواسپرتی در زنان نسبت به مردان بیشتر و میزان رعایت قوانین ترافیکی و رفتار خشونت امیز در مردان بیشتر از زنان بود. میانگین نمره رفتار ترافیکی ایمن در زنان در این مطالعه از مردان بیشتر بود.بروز رفتارهای خشونت امیز در افراد دارای سطح سواد 7تا12کلاس بیشتر از بقیه سطوح سواد افراد شرکت کننده در مطالعه بود.همچنین فراوانی رفتارهای مرتبط با خشونت در افرادی که مدت زمان پیاده روی بیشتر از 2 ساعت در روز داشتند به نسبت سایر گروههای دیگر (بر حسب مدت زمان پیاده روی در روز ) بیشتر مشاهده شد.
نتیجه گیری: در اين مطالعه افراد شرکت کننده عابرین پیاده ای بالای 18 سالی بودند که جهت دریافت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی به مراکز خدمات جامع سلامت شهر مهاباد مراجعه می . مردان نسبت به زنان میانگین نمره رفتار ترافيکي پایین تری داشتند.نمره رفتار ترافيکي عابرین پیاده ای که داراي تحصيلات بالاتر بودند و بالاي 2 ساعت در روز پياده روي داشتند بالاتر بود.در این مطالعه مشاهده گردید که عابرینی که میزان پیاده روی بیشتری داشتند نسبت به عابرینی که از سایر روش ها برای جابجایی استفاده میکردند از تجارب بیشتر در زمینه اصول ترافیکی برخوردارند. عابرین پیاده مرد نسبت به زنان با عوامل خطر بیشتری درگیر هستند به همین دلیل نمره پاین تری دارند.
کليد واژه: عابرين پياده، رفتار ترافيکي، ايران،مصدومیت های ترافیک جاده ای. ، سوانح ترافیکی، مطالعات مورد شاهدی
Abstract: Introduction: Traffic accidents are one of the biggest problems in the world and developing countries, which annually lead to death and disability of a large number of people. Pedestrians are one of the vulnerable groups in traffic accidents and incidents, who are more at risk than other road users. Identifying and understanding the factors that play a role in the risky behaviors of pedestrians in crossing the road is important. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the traffic behaviors of pedestrians in Mahabad city. Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study conducted in 2019-2020 on 514 pedestrians in Mahabad city. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling, which was selected based on the referrals to health care centers. To collect data, the researcher completed a standard questionnaire to measure pedestrian traffic behavior. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS-25 statistical software and appropriate statistical tests (Kruskal-Wallis and t-test). Findings: In the study, 59.5% of women and 40.5% of men participated. 74.9% of the people were married and 52.5% had 7-12 grades of literacy. 45.5% of the participants in the study used private cars. In the study, the traffic behavior score of women was 75.28, which was higher than that of men. In addition, the higher the level of education of the people, the higher the average traffic behavior score and there was a significant relationship. The average age of the people participating in this study was 31.76 years. The frequency of behaviors related to positive behaviors, violation and offense behaviors, and sportsmanship was higher in women than in men, and the rate of compliance with traffic rules and violent behavior was higher in men than in women. The average score of safe traffic behavior in women in this study was higher than that of men. The incidence of violent behaviors was higher in people with literacy levels of 7th to 12th grades than in other literacy levels of the participants in the study. Also, the frequency of violence-related behaviors was observed to be higher in people who walked more than 2 hours per day compared to other groups (in terms of walking time per day). Conclusion: In this study, the participants were pedestrians over 18 years of age who referred to comprehensive health service centers in Mahabad city for health care services. Men had a lower average traffic behavior score than women. The traffic behavior score of pedestrians who had higher education and walked more than 2 hours per day was higher. In this study, it was observed that pedestrians who walked more than pedestrians who used other methods of transportation had more experience in traffic rules and showed less unsafe behaviors. Pedestrians, especially male pedestrians, are at greater risk than women. Keywords: Pedestrians, traffic behavior, Iran Road traffic injuries, Case-control studies, Pedestrian injuries, Traffic accidents.
Abstract: Introduction: Traffic accidents are one of the biggest problems in the world and developing countries, which annually lead to death and disability of a large number of people. Pedestrians are one of the vulnerable groups in traffic accidents and incidents, who are more at risk than other road users. Identifying and understanding the factors that play a role in the risky behaviors of pedestrians in crossing the road is important. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the traffic behaviors of pedestrians in Mahabad city. Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study conducted in 2019-2020 on 514 pedestrians in Mahabad city. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling, which was selected based on the referrals to health care centers. To collect data, the researcher completed a standard questionnaire to measure pedestrian traffic behavior. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS-25 statistical software and appropriate statistical tests (Kruskal-Wallis and t-test). Findings: In the study, 59.5% of women and 40.5% of men participated. 74.9% of the people were married and 52.5% had 7-12 grades of literacy. 45.5% of the participants in the study used private cars. In the study, the traffic behavior score of women was 75.28, which was higher than that of men. In addition, the higher the level of education of the people, the higher the average traffic behavior score and there was a significant relationship. The average age of the people participating in this study was 31.76 years. The frequency of behaviors related to positive behaviors, violation and offense behaviors, and sportsmanship was higher in women than in men, and the rate of compliance with traffic rules and violent behavior was higher in men than in women. The average score of safe traffic behavior in women in this study was higher than that of men. The incidence of violent behaviors was higher in people with literacy levels of 7th to 12th grades than in other literacy levels of the participants in the study. Also, the frequency of violence-related behaviors was observed to be higher in people who walked more than 2 hours per day compared to other groups (in terms of walking time per day). Conclusion: In this study, the participants were pedestrians over 18 years of age who referred to comprehensive health service centers in Mahabad city for health care services. Men had a lower average traffic behavior score than women. The traffic behavior score of pedestrians who had higher education and walked more than 2 hours per day was higher. In this study, it was observed that pedestrians who walked more than pedestrians who used other methods of transportation had more experience in traffic rules and showed less unsafe behaviors. Pedestrians, especially male pedestrians, are at greater risk than women. Keywords: Pedestrians, traffic behavior, Iran Road traffic injuries, Case-control studies, Pedestrian injuries, Traffic accidents.