The effects of vitamin D administration on hystopathological, glumerolomegaly, and basal membrane thickness of kidneys and inflammatory factors in high-fat diet induced obese rats

Abstract

Background: Evidence suggests that obesity leads to renal dysfunction and renal morphology. These disorders are caused by Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β, monocyte- chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) Induced, the vitamin D receptors (VDRs) are expressed extensively in podocyte and mesangial kidney cells, as well as vitamin D and its analogues have the ability to pass through the membrane and thus affect their receptors. Therefore, the status of vitamin D 3 associated with impaired renal function and morphology, such as proteinuria, albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis and its role in renal function is essential. In the present study, the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on TGF-β, MCP-1 and TNF-α tissue factors, and histological and glomerular changes in kidney tissues and levels of urea, creatinine and uric acid Serum was monitored by spectrophotometry in obese rats under high-fat diet. Methods: Forty rats were divided into two groups: Normal diet (ND) and high fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks; then each group subdivided into two groups including: ND, ND + vitamin D, HFD and HFD + vitamin D. Vitamin D supplementation was done for 5 weeks at 522 IU/kg dosage. Renal tissue concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1 and TGF-β, serum values of lipids, markers of glucose homeostasis and urea, creatinine and uric acid and renal tissue histological and structural changes were determined. Results: HFD-feeding caused a remarkable histological and structural changes including higher TNF-α, MCP-1 and TGF-β concentrations in renal tissue of rats while vitamin D has potential anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, vitamin D reduced glomerulomegaly, minored lipid accumulation and limited dilated Bowman’s space in rats and improved glycemic status and renal function. Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that vitamin D3 has potential antiinflammatory effects and improves the histological characteristics of all obese fatty rats under high-fat diet, while further studying human models and confirming the results of hope It can be used as an adjunct therapy in renal patients.