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Item type: Item , Women victims of self-inflicted burns in Tabriz, Iran(2004) Maghsoudi, H; Garadagi, A; Jafary, GA; Azarmir, G; Aali, N; Karimian, B; Tabrizi, MFrom 20 March 1998 through 20 March 2002, a total of 412 cases of self-burning were admitted to the burn center of East Azarbaijan, located in the city of Tabriz, Iran. The average age was 25.5 years; 99% of self-burning cases were female. A total of 76.5% of those patients were in the 15-19 and 20-29 year age groups. Most cases were married, housekeepers and illiterate and poor. Seventy-five percent of the patients had impulsive suicidal intention. The major motive was marital conflict. The mortality rate was 79.6%. The mean burned surface area was 65.5%. Kerosene was used by 77% of the patients as a burning agent. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved.Item type: Item , Warfarin maintenance dose in Iranian patients: A cross sectional study in 5 cities of Iran(2011) Tayyebikhosroshahi, H; Sanaat, Z; Farhoudi, M; Keyani, S; Khoshjoo, F; Tayyebikhosroshahi, MObjective: To determine the warfarin maintenance dose in Iranian patients.Methods: This multicenter study was conducted between January 2007 and January 2008 in 5 different large cities of Iran. Patients older than 12 years receiving warfarin were included. During the first days of warfarin use, international normalized ratio (INR) was measured daily and after that every 1-2 weeks, with a duration of at least one month. The warfarin dose was considered to be stabilized if the INR remained unchanged on 3 consecutive measurements at a level between 2-3. Then mean dose of the last 3 warfarin doses was calculated. Results: One hundred and fifty patients receiving warfarin took part in this study. No significant differences were noted in the mean warfarin dosage among the 5 cities, and between men and women (p=0.228). The warfarin daily dose and INR did not shown any statistical difference between men and women. The warfarin dose statistically decreased in patients older than 60 years old (p=0.004 versus 45-60 years, and p=0.002 versus 30-45 years). This study showed that the required mean warfarin dose in Iranian patients was approximately 4 mg to achieve an INR between 2-3. Conclusion: Considering geographic and ethnic differences of Iranian patients, attention to the dose determination of warfarin is of importance.Item type: Item , V-M plasty and double Z-plasty: Two versatile flaps for treatment of postburn syndactyly(2009) Davami, BThe release of postburn contractures in the hand is one of the most commonly performed procedures in burn injuries. Various local flaps have been described for release of severe postburn contractures. As the largest burn center covering north and northwest of Iran, we always needed acceptable reliable methods to reconstruct postburn syndactyly and make it as a standard treatment. We used double Z-plasties for the first web in severe contractures (23 patients) and V-M plasties for the second, third, and fourth webs and minor first web contractures (V for the dorsal aspect and M for the volar aspect of the webs). A total of 50 patients from September 2005 to June 2007 with 130 web contractures were operated. Their age ranged from 1 to 75 years. In a 1-year follow-up, all of the patients had good mobility of the fingers with no recurrence. Three cases of necrosis of tip of Z-plasties and 2 cases of necrosis of tip of V-M plasties occurred which were under 3mm and resolved gradually. Double Z-plasty in first web and V-M plasty in second to fourth webs are considered good choices for release and reconstruction of postburn syndactyly. They are straightforward in technique and can be carried out with little complications Copyright © 2009 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Item type: Item , Vitamin E and selenium co-supplementation attenuates oxidative stress in haemodialysis patients receiving intra-dialysis iron infusion [26](2007) Ardalan, MR; Tubbs, RS; Shoja, MM[No abstract available]Item type: Item , Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in Iranian Azary patients with Behçet's disease(2015) Kolahi, S; Khabbazi, A; Khodadadi, H; Estiar, M; Hajialiloo, M; Emrahi, L; Sakhinia, EOBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to investigate the association of four polymorphisms of the VDR gene (FokI, BsmI, TaqI, and ApaI) with their susceptibility to Behçet's disease (BD) and their clinical manifestations with respect to the Iranian Azari population. METHOD: In this cross-sectional study we considered the BsmI, FokI, ApaI, and TaqI polymorphisms in 50 Iranian Azary patients with BD and 50 healthy controls, with the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS: A significant difference was found for the FokI polymorphism between the case and control groups. The f allele frequency of 26% was present in BD patients, compared to only 13% in the control group. In addition, the f/f genotype was significantly associated with BD. We found no significant differences between the BD and control groups regarding the distribution of ApaI, BsmI, and TaqI genotype frequencies. We found no association between VDR polymorphisms and the clinical manifestations of BD. CONCLUSIONS: The VDR f allele and f/f genotype are associated with BD in the Iranian Azari population.Item type: Item , Vitamin A Supplementation and Serum Th1- and Th2-Associated Cytokine Response in Women(2013) Farhangi, MA; Keshavarz, SA; Eshraghian, M; Ostadrahimi, A; Saboor-Yaraghi, A-AAims and Background: T helper (Th)1/Th2 immune response has been linked to obesity-related immune disorders. It has been proven that retinoid active derivates improve immunity via regulating Th1/Th2 balance. However, there is not a well-identified report of direct effect of vitamin A on Th1/Th2 balance in obesity. The present study aimed to investigate the possible role of vitamin A on serum Th1/Th2 response in obese women. Materials and Methods: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 84 obese (n = 56; body mass index [BMI] 30-39.9 kg/m2) and nonobese (n = 28; BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) women. Obese women were randomly allocated to receive either vitamin A (retinyl palmitate 25,000 IU/d) or placebo. Nonobese women also received 25,000 IU/d retinyl palmitate. Anthropometric variables were assessed and serum interleukin (IL)-1?, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-?, IL-4, and IL-13 were analyzed before and 4 months after intervention. Results: Vitamin A treatment significantly reduced serum concentrations of IL-1? in obese vitamin A-treated subjects (from 3.58 ± 0.36 to 2.45 ± 0.23 pg/ml, p < 0.006). Serum concentrations of IL-4 and IL-13 were also reduced in obese and nonobese vitamin A-treated subjects (p < 0.05). A significant reduction in IL-1?/IL-4 ratio in the obese vitamin A-treated group was also observed (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Decline in serum concentrations of IL-1? and IL-1?/IL-4 ratio in obese women suggests that vitamin A is capable of regulating the immune system and possibly reducing the risk of autoimmune disease in this group. Further studies are needed to explore the possible underlying mechanisms. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.Item type: Item , Viewpoints of fertile women on gestational surrogacy in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran(2014) Rahmani, A; Howard, F; Sattarzadeh, N; Ferguson, C; Asgari, A; Ebrahimi, HThe aim of this descriptive, cross-sectional study was to investigate the viewpoint of fertile Iranian women on gestational surrogacy. A convenience sample of 230 fertile women was invited to participate in the study and 185 consented. Data were collected via a 22-item scale that assessed the viewpoints of the participants in five domains related to gestational surrogacy. The viewpoints reported by the women were positive. However, a significant percentage of them believed that commissioning couples are not the biological owners of the baby, religious barriers need to be overcome prior to legal barriers, children born through surrogacy may face emotional issues, and the adoption of children may be a better option than surrogacy. The negative views of the women on some key aspects make it clear that public education is needed to increase the acceptability of gestational surrogacy.Item type: Item , Vascular Doppler ultrasonographic indices in cirrhosis: a case–control study with emphasis on the common carotid arteries(2015) Shakeri, A; Varshochi, M; Atapour, N; Nemati, M; Khoshbaten, M; Fouladi, DFPurpose To compare vascular Doppler waveform indices, particularly in the common carotid arteries, between cirrhotic and healthy subjects. Materials and methods A total of 60 patients with Class-B cirrhosis and 60 healthy matched counterparts were enrolled in this prospective study. Vascular Doppler waveform parameters including resistance and/or pulsatility indices (RI and PI, respectively) were obtained from the common carotid, renal, celiac, superior mesenteric, femoral and brachial arteries. Results Compared to patients, healthy subjects had significantly higher mean PI and RI obtained from the common carotid (1.53 ± 0.20 vs. 1.43 ± 0.14, p = 0.03; 0.75 ± 0.02 vs. 0.72 ± 0.02, p < 0.001, respectively) and celiac arteries (2.00 ± 0.36 vs. 1.81 ± 0.34, p = 0.03; 0.80 ± 0.03 vs. 0.78 ± 0.02, p < 0.001, respectively). Both the mean PI and RI derived from the renal arteries, in contrast, were significantly higher in patients compared to that in controls (1.05 ± 0.13 vs. 1.11 ± 0.07, p = 0.03; 0.59 ± 0.03 vs. 0.63 ± 0.03, p < 0.001, respectively). The mean vascular impedance values obtained from the remaining arteries were comparable between the two groups. Conclusions Blood flow increases in the common carotid and celiac arteries of Class-B cirrhotic patients with elevated renovascular impedance.Item type: Item , Validity and reliability of the Iranian version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ 4.0 (PedsQL™) Generic Core Scales in children(2012) Amiri, P; Eslamian, G; Mirmiran, P; Shiva, N; Jafarabadi, MA; Azizi, FThis study aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of the Iranian version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ 4.0 (PedsQL™ 4.0) Generic Core Scales in children. Methods A standard forward and backward translation procedure was used to translate the US English version of the PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales for children into the Iranian language (Persian). The Iranian version of the PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales was completed by 503 healthy and 22 chronically ill children aged 8-12 years and their parents. The reliability was evaluated using internal consistency. Known-groups discriminant comparisons were made, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted. Results The internal consistency, as measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficients, exceeded the minimum reliability standard of 0.70. All monotrait-multimethod correlations were higher than multitrait-multimethod correlations. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) between the children self-report and parent proxy-reports showed moderate to high agreement. Exploratory factor analysis extracted six factors from the PedsQL™ 4.0 for both self and proxy reports, accounting for 47.9% and 54.8% of total variance, respectively. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis for 6-factor models for both self-report and proxy-report indicated acceptable fit for the proposed models. Regarding health status, as hypothesized from previous studies, healthy children reported significantly higher health-related quality of life than those with chronic illnesses. Conclusions The findings support the initial reliability and validity of the Iranian version of the PedsQL™ 4.0 as a generic instrument to measure health-related quality of life of children in Iran.Item type: Item , V(H) gene analysis of Burkitt's lymphoma in children from north-western Iran(1998) Chapman, CJ; Wright, D; Feizi, HP; Davis, Z; Stevenson, FKCases of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) from northwestern Iran were investigated for the usage and somatic mutational pattern of their immunoglobulin variable region genes. Potentially functional V(H) genes were amplified from 6/12 of the tumour masses and all of these were derived from the V(H)3 family, with 4/6 being derived from the most commonly used V(H)3 family member, V3-23. All of the tumour sequences were mutated from their germline counterparts, to varying degrees, with a mean level of 5.8%, indicating that the cell of origin had encountered the germinal centre. Intraclonal sequence heterogeneity was also evident in 4/6 of the lymphomas, showing that the tumour cells had undergone further somatic mutation following neoplastic transformation. Analysis of the five potentially functional mutated V(H) sequences showed a significant clustering of replacement mutations in the complementarity-determining region 2, consistent with a role for antigen in selection of tumour cell sequences. The pattern of extensive somatic mutation, and intraclonal variation, in these mainly EBV+ve tumours, was similar to that previously reported in V(H) sequences of EBV+ve endemic BL (eBL) and EBV-ve sporadic BL (sBL), with the mean level of somatic mutation lying between those reported for eBL (7.7%) and sBL (4.0%). However, V(H) gene bias and the distribution of mutations in the Iranian cases showed features which differed from those reported for endemic or sporadic BL.