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Item type: Item , Vitamin E Loaded Nanoliposomes: Effects of Gammaoryzanol, Polyethylene Glycol and Lauric Acid on Physicochemical Properties(2018) Amiri, S; Ghanbarzadeh, B; Hamishehkar, H; Hosein, M; Babazadeh, A; Adun, PVitamin E is a sensitive compound that must be protected from peroxidant agents such as free radicals. In this study, the vitamin E loaded nanoliposomes containing different stabilizers such as gammaoryzanol (GO), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400), and lauric acid (LA) were prepared by thermal method. The effects of these stabilizers on the particle size, zeta potential, turbidity and encapsulation efficiency stability of vitamin E loaded nanoliposomes were investigated during appropriate time intervals of 0, 20, and 40 days. Particle sizes ranges were about 72 to 302.7 nm with the polydispersity index around 0.190 to 0.381. Vitamin E and stabilizers increased particle size and decreased particle size distribution and GO showed the highest effect. In all samples, encapsulation efficiencies and encapsulation stability (ES) were more than 78% and the highest and lowest encapsulation efficiency were observed in the samples containing GO and LA, respectively. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.Item type: Item , Vitamin D3-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers as a potential approach for fortifying food beverages; in vitro and in vivo evaluation(2017) Mohammadi, M; Pezeshki, A; Abbasi, MM; Ghanbarzadeh, B; Hamishehkar, HPurpose: Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) composed of solid lipid and oil are a new generation of lipid nanoparticles which have exhibited some merits over traditional used lipid nanoparticles in fortifying food and beverages and nutraceuticals delivery systems such as liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles. Methods: In this study, Precirol and Compritol as solid lipids, Miglyol and Octyloctanoat as liquid lipids, Tween80, Tween20 and Poloxamer407 as surfactants were used to prepare vitamin D3-loaded NLC dispersion using hot homogenization method. The particle size and size distribution for all formulations were evaluated by immediately after production and during a storage period of 60 days. Results: The Precirol-based NLC showed superiority over Compritol-based NLC in the point of physical stability. Results clearly suggested that an optimum concentration of 3% of Poloxamer407 or 2% of Tween20 was sufficient to cover the surface of nanoparticles effectively and prevent agglomeration during the homogenization process. Octyloctanoat was introduced for the first time as a good substituent for Miglyol in the preparation of NLC formulations. The vitamin D3 Intestinal absorption enhanced by the incorporating in NLCs. Conclusion: It was concluded that NLC showed a promising approach for fortifying beverages by lipophilic nutraceuticals such as vitamin D. ط¢آ© 2017 The Authors.Item type: Item , The evaluation of albumin use in an iranian university hospital(2016) Shafiee, E; Rezaee, H; Entezari-Maleki, T; Hamishehkar, HBackground: Albumin is an expensive protein colloidal solution with various indications, especially in critically ill patients. The vast use of albumin in health care centers (particularly ICUs), the theoretical danger of contaminant transmission (as with any blood derivative), and the existence of more economical alternatives of equal efficacy evidence the importance of conducting a drug-utilization evaluation. The objective of this study was to assess the usage of albumin in patients at a hospital in Iran. Methods: Albumin administration was evaluated in 210 patients from different wards on randomly selected days during one year. Reasons for the prescription, the consumed dose, length of administration, and related laboratory tests were recorded. Results: Albumin was prescribed inappropriately in 76.2% and appropriately in 23.8% of inpatients. The most frequent inappropriate prescribing motives were hypoalbuminemia (35.6%), nutritional support (32.5%), and edema (24.4%), while the most appropriate prescriptions were edema (46%), nephrotic syndrome (18%), and plasmapheresis (16%). The total amount of albumin used for 210 patients was 68930 g, from which 51290 g costing 274607.1429 was administered for inappropriate indications. Conclusion: Despite the many valid guidelines defining the appropriate indications of albumin, this study demonstrated the extensive inappropriate use of this expensive preparation in one of the largest university-Affiliated hospitals in northwestern Iran. It seems advisable to have the consumption of albumin continuously monitored. é 2016 The Authors.Item type: Item , The effect of process parameters on the size and morphology of poly(D, L-Lactide-Co-Glycolide) micro/nanoparticles prepared by an oil in oil emulsion/solvent evaporation technique(2010) Mahdavi, H; Mirzadeh, H; Hamishehkar, H; Jamshidi, A; Fakhari, A; Emami, J; Najafabadi, AR; Gilani, K; Minaiyan, M; Najafi, M; Tajarod, M; Nokhodchi, AFor the past few decades, there has been a considerable research interest in the area of biodegradable polymeric micro- and nanoparticles for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, implants, stents, medical devices, and drug delivery systems. Poly(D, L-lactide-coglycolide) (PLGA) is well-known by its safety in biomedical preparations which has been approved for human use by the FDA. The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of process parameters on size characteristics of PLGA microparticles prepared by oil in oil (o/o) solvent evaporation technique. This method has been introduced as one of the most appropriate methods for hydrophilic agents. Scanning electron microscopy showed that prepared particles were spherical with smooth surface without aggregation. Particle size varied from 570 nm to 29 ?m in different experimental conditions. Stirring speed, polymer concentration, impeller type, and dropping size had a significant effect on the particle size. The polydispersity index of particles showed a strong relationship with the surfactant concentration, impeller type, and dropping size. It was concluded that increasing in temperature up to 50ط¢آ°C or changing in dropping rate has a little effect on reducing the size of PLGA particles. The residual solvent content in the final suspension was less than 0.1 ppm that is in appropriate range for biomedical application. ط¢آ© 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Item type: Item , The effect of omega-3 fatty acids on ARDS: A randomized double-blind study(2014) Parish, M; Valiyi, F; Hamishehkar, H; Sanaie, S; Jafarabadi, MA; Golzari, SEJ; Mahmoodpoor, APurpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an enteral nutrition diet, enriched with omega-3 fatty acids because of its anti-inflammatory effects on treatment of patients with mild to moderate ARDS. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed in two ICUs of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences from Jun 2011 until Sep 2013 in north west of Iran. Fifty-eight patients with mild to moderate ARDS were enroled in this clinical trial. All patients received standard treatment for ARDS based on ARDS network trial. In intervention group, patients received 6 soft-gels of omega-3/day in addition to the standard treatment. Results: Tidal volume, PEEP, pH, PaO2/FiO2, SaO2, P platue and PaCO2 on the 7th and 14th days didn't have significant difference between two groups. Indices of lung mechanics (Resistance, Compliance) had significant difference between the groups on the 14th day. Pao2 had significant difference between two groups on both 7th and 14th days. Trend of PaO2 changes during the study period in two groups were significant. We showed that adjusted mortality rate did not have significant difference between two groups. Conclusion: It seems that adding omega-3 fatty acids to enteral diet of patients with ARDS has positive results in term of ventilator free days, oxygenation, lung mechanic indices; however, we need more multi center trials with large sample size and different doses of omega-3 fatty acids for their routine usage as an adjuant for ARDS treatment. © 2014 The Authors.Item type: Item , The Effect of Intravenous Selenium on Oxidative Stress in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome(2018) Mahmoodpoor, A; Hamishehkar, H; Shadvar, K; Ostadi, Z; Sanaie, S; Saghaleini, SH; Nader, NDObjective: To modulate the inflammatory response in respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with selenium. Background: Selenium replenishes the glutathione peroxidase proteins that are the first line of defense for an oxidative injury to the lungs. Methods: Forty patients with ARDS were randomized into two groups: the SEL+ group being administered sodium selenite and the SEL- group receiving normal saline for 10 days. Blood samples were taken on Day-0, DAY-7, and Day-14 for assessment of IL-1 beta, IL-6, C-reactive protein, GPx-3, and selenium. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was measured in the bronchial wash fluids. Pearson correlation and repeated measure analysis were performed to examine the effects of selenium on the inflammatory markers. Results: Sodium selenite replenished selenium levels in the SEL+ group. Selenium concentrations were linearly correlated to serum concentrations of GPx3 (R value: 0.631; P < 0.001), and FRAP (R value: ?0.785; P < 0.001). Serum concentrations of both IL 1-beta (R value: ?0.624; P < 0.001) and IL-6 (R value: ?0.642; P < 0.001) were inversely correlated to the serum concentrations of selenium. There was a meaningful difference between two groups in airway resistance and pulmonary compliance changes (P values 0.008 and 0.028, respectively). Conclusion: Selenium restored the antioxidant capacity of the lungs, moderated the inflammatory responses, and meaningfully improved the respiratory mechanics. Despite these changes, it had no effect on the overall survival, the duration of mechanical ventilation, and ICU stay. Selenium can be used safely; however, more trials are essential to examine its clinical effectiveness. © 2018 Taylor & FrancisItem type: Item , The Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D3 on Soluble P-Selectin and hs-CRP Level in Patients with Venous Thromboembolism(2014) Gholami, K; Talasaz, AH; Entezari-Maleki, T; Salarifar, M; Hadjibabaie, M; Javadi, MR; Dousti, S; Hamishehkar, H; Maleki, SHigh plasma level of P-selectin is associated with the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Furthermore, supplementation of Vitamin D could decrease thrombotic events. Hence, this study was designed to examine whether the administration of Vitamin D can influence the plasma level of P-selectin in patients with VTE. In the randomized controlled trial, 60 patients with confirmed acute deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism (PE) were randomized into the intervention (n = 20) and control (n = 40) groups. The intervention arm was given an intramuscular single dose of 300 000 IU Vitamin D3. Plasma level of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D, P-selectin, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was measured at baseline and 4 weeks after. The plasma level of P-selectin (95% confidence interval = -5.99 to -1.63, P =.022) and hs-CRP (P =.024) significantly declined in Vitamin D-treated group, while only hs-CRP was significantly decreased in the control group (P =.011). However, the magnitude of these reductions was not statistically significant. This study could not support the potential benefit of the high-dose Vitamin D on plasma level of P-selectin and hs-CRP in patients with VTE. © SAGE Publications.Item type: Item , The adverse effects of thalassemia treatments including blood transfusion and main pharmacological therapies(2013) Sattari, M; Sheykhi, D; Nikanfar, A; Pourfeizi, AH; Nazari, M; Dolatkhah, R; Hamishehkar, H; Mashayekhi, SOBackground: Beta-thalassemia major (?-TM) is a disorder which needs lifelong blood transfusions. Our aim was to examine the treatments side effects in thalassemic patients. Methods: 110 ?-TM patients attending two centers were invited to the study. Those who consented were asked to complete a questionnaire. The questionnaire covered demographical information, used medications and their side effects. The data was analyzed using SPSS software version 14. Results: Data was collected between August 2008 and July 2009. Patients' age was 14.0±1.32 years. The duration of treatment was 11.3±7.5 years. Thalassemic patients received blood transfusions, deferoxamine and supportive medications. Number of medications, received by patients was 3.9±1.9. Hemosiderosis in heart (11%) and endocrine system (8%) were main blood transfusion side effects. A few had hepatitis B or C. Conclusion: Because of prevalence of side effects of therapies, reviewing and improving treatment protocol by designing new medicines with lower side effects and establishment of an adverse reactions team seemed necessary. © 2013 by Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.Item type: Item , Surfactant free preparation of celecoxib microcrystals by a controlled precipitation process(2017) Mardani, S; Maghsoodi, M; Hamishehkar, HBackground: The antisolvent precipitation technique has evolved into an effective method to prepare microcrystals of drug. Although this method has advantages, such as cost effectiveness, the processing is significantly sensitive to stabilizer. The aim of present study was to prepare celecoxib (CLX) microcrystals via antisolvent precipitation technique without any surfactants. Methods: Acetone was used as a solvent for the CLX and water was used as an antisolvent. During the precipitation process, several experimental parameters, such as the volume ratio of antisolvent to CLX solution, the concentration of CLX solution, the temperature and the stirring speed, were investigated. Results: The results showed that external characteristics such as particle size and its distribution were strongly influenced by the process parameters, while the internal structures such as chemical composition and crystal structure were unaffected during the process. Higher volume ratio of antisolvent to CLX solution, lower temperature and more- intense stirring led to the smaller crystals. However, increasing the concentration of CLX solution resulted in aggregation of crystals and consequently formation of large crystals with more heterogeneous distribution. It was found that this effect could be prevented by using of ethanol as co-solvent with volume ratio to acetone 5:1. Under the optimum conditions, the yielded powder had a mean particle size of 7 ?m and 70 % of the particles were distributed in the range of 0.3- 15 ?m. Conclusion: Results of this study offer a useful starting point for a conceptual framework to guide the preparation of microcrystals without using a stabilizer. © 2017 The Authors.Item type: Item , Spray drying as a fast and simple technique for the preparation of extended release dipyridamole (DYP) Microparticles in a fixed dose combination (FDC) Product with aspirin(2014) Hamishehkar, H; Valizadeh, H; Alasty, P; Monajjemzadeh, FIntroduction: Recent advances have proven that the combinational therapy of extended release dipyridamole (DYP) and fast release aspirin (ASP) can improve clinical indices of heart failure in several vascular disorders. Although pharmaceutical industries always supported fast, simple and cost saving techniques in their productions, there is no simple reported method available for this purpose. The aim of this study was to check the possibility of preparing a FDC product, containing individual dosage units of extended release DYP microparticles and fast release ASP, using the spray-drying technique as a practice compatible with pharmaceutical industries. Materials and Method: Solid dispersions of DYP in different polymeric substances (ethyl cellulose, carnauba wax, and Eudragit PO 100), were prepared using the spray-drying method. The physicochemical properties and structure of the prepared microparticles were analyzed using different techniques, such as the particle size analyzer (PSA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X ray diffraction (XRD), and USP dissolution tester. ASP tablets were prepared individually and tested according to pharmacopeia. Results and Discussion: Results showed that prepared microparticles measured about 2.3 ?m in size. Statistical analysis of the release data revealed that there is no significant difference in the mean release amount of the selected formulation compared to the innovative brand (Aggrenox). Conclusion: Findings proposed a new formulation (F7) as an alternative to innovative brand and proved spray drying as a practice compatible with pharmaceutical industries and as a successful method for sustaining the DYP release rate from prepared microparticles in a FDC dosage form. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart, New York.