School of Health and Nutrition
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The Faculty of Health was established under the name of “Faculty of Health and Nutrition” in 1991 by incorporating the departments of Biochemistry and Nutrition of the Faculty of Pharmacy; Health Department of the Faculty of Medicine; and the department of Disease Control and Environmental Health of the Faculty of Paramedical Sciences. The Faculty of Health was located at the building of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Rehabilitation and Dentistry for several years. In 2001, the faculty was relocated to its main building and formally began its educational activities. The Faculty of Health began its research and educational activities in 2012.
The school of Nutrition was firstly established as a department inside the School of Health and Nutrition in 1991 following the merging of the departments of Biochemistry and Nutrition from the school of Pharmacy (1974), the department of Health from the school of Medicine (1953) and the departments of Environmental Health and Disease Control (1987) from the school of Paramedical sciences. The school gained its independency and has started its educational activities with independent staff and facilities and its own educational space and laboratories in 2012.
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Item type: Item , The effect of Sodium Butyrate supplementation on serum level of Lipopolysaccharide binding protein and expression levels of NFκB, TLR4, TNFα genes in obese individuals on a weight-loss diet: A Triple- Blind, Randomized, Placebo- Controlled Clinical Trial(Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2023) Jenani Zavieh, Asal; Saghafi-Asl, MaryamAbstract - 1 - ABSTRACT Background: Due to the high prevalence of obesity and its inflammatory disorders, it seems necessary to find anti-inflammatory therapeutic approaches to improve the status of these patients. According to the previous animal, cell line, and human studies, Sodium Butyrate (NaB) has been effective in reducing inflammation and inflammatory factors. Given that no human studies have investigated the effects of NaB on the expression levels of genes involved in the inflammatory pathway (NFκB, TLR4, and TNFα), the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of NaB supplementation along with calorie restriction on serum lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and expression level of Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) genes in obese adult patients. Methods: This triple-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted among 50 obese adults. Eligible persons were randomly divided into NaB or placebo groups (n=25 in each group). The NaB group received a 600 mg NaB capsule daily and the placebo group received the same amount of placebo (starch) for 8 weeks. All subjects received a low-calorie diet according to their BMI and physical activity. The amount of energy required for each person was calculated based on a weight loss of 0.5 to 1 kg per week (500 kcal less than daily requirement) and was calculated by the Mifflin formula for men and women. LBP serum level was evaluated using ELISA kit. mRNA expression levels of NFκB, TLR4, and TNFα genes were evaluated using real-time PCR technique. In this study, three models were used to adjust the effect of basic values and confounding factors. In the first model, baseline values were contorolled. In the second model, changes in waist circumference (WC), energy intake, and physical activity were additionally adjusted for. In the final model, effect of changes in Homeostatic Model Assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in addition to Model 2 was contorolled. Abstract 2 Results: Intra-group changes in serum LBP level in the NaB group was significantly decreased after the end of the intervention (P<0.001), but this reduction was not significant in the placebo group. Serum LBP was also significantly decreased, compared to the placebo group (P=0.04) after 8 weeks. In addition, the expression of mRNA of NFκB (P=0.02) and TNFα (P=0.04) genes after controlling possible confounders decreased significantly in the intervention group, compared to the placebo group. In contrast, TLR4 expression level in the NaB group showed a non-significant decrease, compared to that in the placebo group (P=0.06). Conclusion: The present study provided evidence that NaB supplementation can cause significant reductions in inflammatory factors. Studies with larger sample size and longer duration of intervention are recommended to confirm the results. KEYWORDS: Sodium Butyrate; Obesity; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein ; Lipopolysaccharide; Nuclear factor kappa-light chain-enhancer of activated B cells ; Toll-like receptor 4; Tumor necrosis factorItem type: Item , Dietary patterns and sleep quality in primary school students with overweight/obesity and normal weight: A case-control study(Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2023) Massoudi, Maedeh; Pourghassem Gargari, Bahrammayonnaise and low consumption of legumes. After calculating the mean score of each pattern and comparing the means, third dietary pattern was the dominant dietary pattern in students with normal weight (Mean = 0.49) and second dietary pattern was the dominant dietary pattern in overweight/obese students (Mean = 0.014). Adherence to the first dietary pattern was associated with 51% lower odds of overweight/obesity (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.24-0.97) among children. This inverse association was also observed when the analysis was performed for overweight and obesity alone. Also high adherence to the second pattern was associated with a 62% lower chance of overweight/obesity (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.15-0.94). However, we found no significant association for the third dietary pattern with overweight/obesity. Furthermore, no significant association existed between sleep quality/duration and overweight/obesity, on the other hand, earlier sleeping reduces the odds of obesity/overweight and the interactions of the dietary patterns and sleep quality/duration with overweight/obesity were not significant. There was no significant difference in the score of the sleep quality questionnaire in the two groups of cases and controls. On the other hand, going to bed early (earlier than 11 pm) reduced the odds of obesity in school children. For example, the odds of obesity/overweight in the crude model decreased by 56% (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24-0.79) and 58% (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22-0.81) in the fully adjusted model. Also, the interaction effect of dietary patterns and sleep quality/duration with overweight/obesity and overweight and obesity separately was not significant. Conclusions: Major dietary patterns are different in overweight/obese students and normal weight students. Adherence to the diet containing a high amount of white meats, eggs, vegetables, fruits and juices, nuts, dairy products, whole grains, and a low amount of refined grains and snacks was associated with lower odds of overweight/obesity among elementary school students aged 7 to 13. Obesity in students and this inverse relationship between obesity/overweight with dietary patterns is independent of sleep quality/duration. Late sleeping increases the odds of obesity in students. ABSTRACT Background and objective: Studies in the past have found a significant relationship between food intake and sleep quality independently with odds of obesity/overweight in children, while studies assessing the realtionship between major dietary patterns and sleep quality with overweight/obesity among school children are rare in Iran. Also, no evidence is available on the interaction effects of these two parameters with overweight/obesity in this age group. The purpose of this study was to determine dietary patterns and sleep quality in overweight/obese and normal weight elementary school students, as well as to investigate the relationship and interaction between dominant dietary patterns and sleep quality/duration with overweight/obesity among elementary school students aged 7 to 13. Methods and materials: The study was a case-control study that was conducted on primary school students who which were randomly selected from 10 elementary schools (6 governmental and 4 non-profit) in Rasht city. Cases were apparently healthy children who had a body mass index percentile of ≥85th for age and sex (n=102). Children with a BMI percentile between 5th and 85th were included in the control group (n=102). Dietary data were collected using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire and it was checked by factor analysis method. Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Binary logistic regression was used for association between dietary patterns, sleep quality, and odds of obesity. Results: Three dominant dietary patterns were identified under the headings of the first, second and third patterns. The first dietary pattern was characterized by high consumption of pickles, chicken, eggs, vegetables, potatoes, low-fat dairy products and low consumption of liquid oil. Adherence to the second dietary pattern was associated with high consumption of fruits and juices, nuts, high-fat dairy products, fish, olives and olive oil, whole grains and low consumption of refined grains and snacks. In the third pattern, children had high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), red meat, processed meat and offal, sugar and dessert, solid oilItem type: Item , Effect of the supplementation with chlorella vulgaris algae, HIIT exercises and their combination on serum levels of Total antioxidant capacity, Irisin and segmental muscle mass in young women with overweight or obesity(Tabriz University of Medical Sciences School of Nutrition, 2022) Seyyed Shoura, Seyyed Morteza; Barzegar, Alifrom all participants to determine the levels of biochemical indicators, and muscle mass volume was also evaluated. Exercises three days a week and receiving 900 mg daily supplement for 8 weeks were done by the people present. At the end of the intervention, all the assessments were repeated. Results: After 8 weeks of intervention, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the Chlorella vulgaris + HIIT group increased significantly compared to the placebo group (p˂ 0.05). Also, a significant increase in the serum level of irisin was observed in the HIIT+CV group compared to the placebo group (p˂ 0.05), however, CV consumption alone could not have a significant effect on TAC and irisin levels (p˃ 0.05). No significant changes were seen in the segmental values of muscle mass (p˃ 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that the consumption of Chlorella vulgaris supplement along with eight weeks of HIIT can improve the oxidative status and disorders associated with obesity by increasing TAC serum values. In addition, CV supplementation with HIIT exercises is probably effective in improving body composition in overweight and obese women by increasing serum irisin levels. Key words: Obesity, Chlorella vulgaris, high intensity interval training, oxidative stress, irisinItem type: Item , Title: The effect of oleoylethanolamide supplementation on serum level of Lipopolysaccharide binding protein and genes expression of Myeloid differentiation primary response 88, TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β, Caspase 8, interleukin 1- β in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial(Tabriz University of Medical Sciences School of Nutrition, 2022) Naemi Kermanshahi, Mohammad; Ostadrahimi, Alireza; Saghafi-, MaryamResults: There were no significant changes in mRNA expression of IL-1B, Caspase 8 and MYD88 genes between the two groups even after controlling possible confounders in any of the models. However, a marginal decrease in TRIF expression levels was observed compared to the placebo group (P=0.06). However, there were no significant changes in LBP serum levels between the two groups after controlling possible confounders in any of the models. Compared to the placebo group, the OEA group showed a significant decrease in all anthropometric indices after adjustment for both models at the end of the study. Conclusion: In conclusion this study provides evidence that did not support the beneficial effects of OEA supplementation on pyroptosis pathway. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings. KEYWORDS: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Pyroptosis, Oleoylethanolamide, Obesity, InflammationItem type: Item , Study of the relationship between some nutritional factors, expression of some obesity related micro RNAs, serum level of spexin and metabolic as well as inflammatory status with obesity in 12-18 years old adolescents(Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2020) Behrooz, Maryam; Bastami, Milad; Food Sciences; Ostadrahimi, AlirezaAbstract Background and aims: The prevalence of childhood obesity has increased dramatically over the past 30 years. Childhood obesity is more likely to become adult obesity and increase the risk of developing disorders such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disorders. The aim of present study was to investigate the relationship between some nutritional factors, expression of some obesity related micro RNAs, serum level of spexin and metabolic as well as inflammatory status with obesity in 12-18 year old adolescents Methods: 180 children and adolescents (90 obese and 90 normal-weight) with the mean age of 13.73(2.68) were recruited in the present study. The normal-weight and obese groups were matched based on age and gender. All the study participants and their parents were given a full explanation of the study objectives and the methodology, after which, they signed an informed consent form. Height, weight, blood pressure, and waist and hip circumference were obtained. BMI and waist to hip ratio were calculated. General information, physical activity level, depression, anxiety and stress level, pubertal stage and appetite score were measured using relevant questionnaires. Dietary intakes of subjects was assessed by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Blood samples of 90 subjects were obtained after an overnight fast of 12 h. Serum spexin, interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-1β, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fasting glucose, insulin and lipid profile were measure during standard techniques. To evaluate the expression of microRNAs, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs) were isolated from peripheral blood. In the next step, RNA was extracted and cDNA was synthesized. Finally, the expression of the desired microRNAs was measured by RT-PCR. Results: Based on the results of the present study, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, waist to hip ratio and systolic blood presure were significantly greater in the obese adolescents than the normal-weight group (P<0.05). The history of obesity in parents as well as the onset of pregnancy with maternal obesity were higher in obese adolescents than the control group. 47% of obese adolescents had a history of paternal obesity, 65% had a history of maternal obesity, and in 34% of obese teens, their mothers started pregnancy with obesity (P<0.05). In the present study, there were no significant difference between two groups in terms of birth weight, diastolic blood pressure, level of physical activity, stress, anxiety, depression level, puberty and duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Obese adolescents had significantly higher energy, protein, carbohydrates, zinc and selenium intakes (P<0.05). Three dietary based scores including: dietary inflammation index (DII), healthy eating index (HEI) and adherence to the "Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertention" (DASH) diet were calculated. Higher DII score (more pro inflammatory diet) was associated with the increase odds of obesity. Crude OR (CI): 1.79(1.025-3.15), P= 0.04. Model 1 OR (CI): 2.11(1.17-3.83), P = 0.01, and model 2 OR (CI): 1.94(1.06-3.55), P = 0.03. There were no significant difference between the two groups in terms of other two scores. Among the five microRNAs studied (mir15a, mir146a, mir155, mir193 and mir122), the expression levels of mir193 in PBMC of obese adolescents were significantly higher in comparision to normal weight subjects (P<0.05). Median (IQR) of spexin levels were significantly lower in obese vs. normal-weight adolescents. Based on the tertiles of the serum spexin levels, a protective independent effect was observed for the highest tertile of serum spexin concentrations. Crude OR(CI): 0.33(0.11-0.95), P-trend =0.04. Model 1 OR(CI): 0.20(0.05-0.73), P- trend =0.01), Model 2 OR(CI): 0.22(0.05-0.86), P -trend =0.03. Serum spexin concentration was significantly associated with IL-10, fasting Insulin, HOMA-IR and dietary fat intake (P <0.05). Obese adolescents had significantly higher hs-CRP and significantly lower IL-10 in comparision to normal-weight adolescents (P<0.05). 73.3% of obese adolescents had higher hs-CRP levels than normal range (Recommended normal level based on age and sex of adolescents), and only 6.7% of normal-weight adolescents had hs-CRP levels higher than normal range. There was a significant difference between two groups in metabolic syndrome fequency. 31% of obese adolescents met the criteria for metabolic syndrome, And none of the normal-weight adolescents had metabolic syndrome. Obese adolescents had significantly higher SBP, TC, LDL-C, TG, Insulin, HOMA-IR (P<0.001), and significantly lower HDL-C. There was also a significant difference between two groups in terms of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. The frequency of these disorders was significantly higher in obese group than the normal-weight adolescents (P<0.05). There was a significant positive association between mir122 expression level with fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP, TG, dietary chromium intake, and four other microRNAs (P<0.05). The expression level of mir193 showed a significant direct association with fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP level, chromium intake and four other micro RNAs(P<0.05). The expression of mir146 had only a positive association with dietary chromium intake and four other microRNAs(P<0.05). There was also significant association between mir15a expression and fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, chromium intake, and four other micro RNAs (P<0.05). Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, spexin levels were significantly lower in obese than normal-weight adolescents. The protective independent effect observed for the highest tertile of serum spexin concentrations, and its association with glucose metabolism and immune function, indicated a potential role for this novel peptide in childhood obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders. Mir193 expression levels in PBMC of obese adolescents were significantly higher than the control group. Significant correlations were observed between the expression of five studied microRNAs and some factors related to glucose metabolism, lipid profile, hs-CRP level and dietary chromium intake. More studies are warranted to confirm these findings and probe into the probable underlying mechanisms. Keywords: Obesity, Spexin, micro RNAs, Adolescents,Metabolic syndreome, Inflammatory factorsItem type: Item , futures studies and analysis of obesity prevention in children and adolescents policies in Iran and providing policy options(Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, School of Nutrition, 1400) Taghizadeh, shahnaz; Abbasalizad Farhangi, MahdiehLack of manpower, insufficient attention to physical education curriculum in schools and improper use of facilities in organizations such as the Ministry of Education and the Sports and Youth Organization, as well as the existence of obesogenic environments in the community were other problems identified. Structural barriers and facilitators in prevention policies as well as drivers affecting the prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity in Iran can be considered and used in macro policy and policy decisions. It is expected that the policy options that are the result of two review studies, policy analysis and futures study of child and adolescent obesity prevention policies in this study, can be used in national policies to prevent children and adolescent obesity for years to come and be effective in reducing the prevalence of obesity in the future. Keywords: Futures study, Obesity, Policy Analysis, Children and Adolescents, IranItem type: Item , Body image and weight control methods in women covered by health centers in the city of Ramyan, Golestan province, 2017(Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, School of Health, 2020) Yazerloo, Sara; Ebrahimi Memghani, Mehrangiz; Sarbakhsh, Parvin; Health Education and Promotion; Shokrvash, BehjatBakground: Body Image is a complex concept that involves biological, psychological, and social factors internal and external. This research aims to determine women's perceptions of their bodies and their relationship with weight control methods including a pattern of physical activity and diet based on different levels of BMI in women in Ramyan Method&Tools: In this study, 569 women aged 15-49 years covered by urban health center and the base of the city of Ramyan was entered into the study by simple random sampling. Data collection was done using a multiple questionnaire. Demographic information questionnaire including age, literacy, occupation, women's economic status and the second part included women's anthropometric information and the third part of the questionnaire, including women's body imaging and weight control techniques. Women's body image data were determined using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) visual instrument. Women's weight control methods were performed by using a questionnaire including measuring the intake of food items and women's physical activity. Also, food items were obtained using a valid semi-quantitative dietary questionnaire (FFQ). Finally, the pattern of physical activity of women was determined using a validated adult physical activity questionnaire for adults. The questionnaire was completed with an interview by a female health expert. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and analytical statistics including percentage, mean, standard deviation, Chi-square and t-test in SPSS 21 software at a significant level (p <0.05). Results: The results of the study showed that there was a significant correlation between BMI and age group of women (P-value <0.01). The prevalence of obesity in over 40 years was over 40%. There was a significant correlation between body image and age and occupation variables (P-value <0.05). Housewives were more likely to consider themselves obese than Employee women. Employee women (about 90%) preferred to have normal weight more than housewives (about 70%). There was a significant correlation between body mass index and body image and ideal body imagination (P-value <0.01). In each category, the majority of people with a normal body image had a normal BMI. Conclusion: Achieving optimal health requires the study of risk factors for obesity and weight control behaviors and healthy lifestyles as priorities for health promotion in each region. Sensitization on the body's imagination can cause many problems, such as nutritional disorder, loss of self-confidence, Therefore, different educational programs with new methods and strategies to control weight and increase physical activity in women can be provided to reduce the adverse effects of this phenomenon. Keywords: Body image, Physical Activity, Nutrition, Obesity, WomeItem type: Item , Investigation the blood level of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol(2-AG), Neuropeptide Y and Omentin and their correlation with food habits in obese women(Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2020) Rahmanian, Mozhdeh; Nutrition; Alizadeh, MohammadBackground: Obesity is a prevalence worldwide issue and it costs a lot in the health system of any country annual. Simply obesity is caused because of food intake and energy metabolism imbalance. 2-arachidonoyl ¬glycerol (2-AG), Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and omentin are parts of energy regulators. But there are limited studies about the correlation of these factors with food habits and most of them are animal. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of eating habits and patterns, especially macronutrients, with serum levels of these variables. Materials and Methods: This case-control analytical study was carried on equal number (n==45 each group) of obese and normal weight women; based on body mass index range (BMI = 18.5-24.9 for normal weight group and BMI = 30-39.9 for the obese group) and age of 20-50 years which were selected by simple and available sampling method and through a public call with reference to the Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science. Demographic characteristics (age, sex, menopausal status, disease and fasting) and anthropometric measurements (height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference and body fat percentage) of the participants in the study were collected and measured by a skilled person. Fasting blood sample from all participants were taken, centrifuged and isolated serum was stored in the refrigerator at -80 ° C. Serum levels of 2-AG, NPY and omentin was determined using ELISA. In order to evaluate the amount of each food group consumption and eating habits of individuals, a valid semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) containing 147 food items which was validated in accordance with Iranians was used and was completed face-to-face by a nutritionist. The amount of each food group was converted to grams and Nutritionist IV software was used to analyze the data related to the intake of each food group. Results: Mean serum levels of 2-AG and NPY were significantly higher in obese women than women with normal weight (p <0.05). In obese women, there was a statistically significant positive relationship between 2-AG level and energy intake (r = 0.219 and p = 0.038), carbohydrates (r = 0.238 and p = 0.024), total fat intake (r = 0.227). P = 0.032 and saturated fatty acids (r = 0.272 and p = 0.038), unsaturated monounsaturated fatty acids (r = 0.265 and p = 0.012) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (r = 0.247). There was p = 019.0. There was a direct relationship between NPY level and total fat intake (r = 0.366 and p <0.001) and types of fatty acids. There was no significant relationship between omentin levels with any of the food groups. Conclusion: The results suggest that dietary habits, especially the types of fatty acids consumed, may affect the levels of 2-AG, NPY and omentin, which are involved in the pathways of obesity.Item type: Item , The correlation of diet anti-oxidant index with appetite, serum levels of BDNF, NPY and total serum anti-oxidant capacity in obese women(Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2020) Rasaee, Sama; Abdollah-zad, Hadi; Nutrition; Alizadeh, MohammadObjective: Obesity is a complex metabolic disease caused by excessive fat accumulation. According to the latest World Health Organization report in 2014 it has affected more than 600 million people worldwide. Considering the role of neuropeptide Y (NPY), brain-derived growth factor (BDNF) and oxidative stress in obesity, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and appetite, serum TAC, BDNF and NPY levels in obese women. Subjects and Methods: Forty-five obese women and 45 normal-weight women in the age range of 20-50 years were included in the study by convenience sampling. Subjects were determined based on body mass index (BMI). Demographic characteristics such as age, education, history of chronic disease, dietary supplements, marital status, etc. were collected using a demographic questionnaire. Appetite status, stress, physical activity and food intake were assessed as possible confounders using related questionnaires. Physical activity was assessed using the International Questionnaire Physical activity questionnaire and appetite were assessed using a visual analog scale questionnaire. Biochemical parameters of NPY, BDNF and serum TAC levels were evaluated using ELISA technique from serum samples of patients. Food TAC was calculated using a 147-item feed frequency questionnaire. Results: The results of the present study showed that dietary intake and serum TAC levels were significantly higher in obese individuals than in normal weight individuals (P <0.05); Although this significance for dietary TAC disappeared after adjusting for the effect of energy intake and age, it remained significant for serum TAC levels even after adjusting for energy intake and age. On the other hand, in obese subjects, dietary TAC had a significant positive relationship with serum TAC (P <0.05) but in normal weight individuals, no such significance was observed; Also in normal weight individuals, dietary TAC had a significant positive relationship with serum BDNF levels. Appetite status was not significantly associated with any of the variables of serum and dietary TAC, serum BDNF and NPY levels. Conclusion: High dietary TAC in obese subjects compared to normal weight people was due to higher energy intake; thus, after adjusting the effect of energy intake values, no significant difference was observed. On the other hand, observing significant correlations between dietary TAC with serum TAC and BDNF levels can be a prelude to the development of dietary programs based on antioxidant capacity of diet to reduce the obesity compications.Item type: Item , Effect of Synbiotic Supplementation on Metabolic Status، Serum Apelin Levels and Anthropometric Indexes in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome(Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2020) Darvishi, Sima; Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad; Farzadi, Laya; Nutrition; Rafraf, MaryamBackground: Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most prevalent endocrine diseases in women. This study was amid to investigate the effects of synbiotic supplementation on serum glycemic indexes, lipids, serum apelin levels and obesity values in patients with PCOS. Materials and Methods: A total of 68 obese or overweight patients with PCOS aged 20-44 years old were participated in a randomized double-blinded placebo controlled clinical trial. Subjects were assigned into two groups receiving synbiotic (n = 34) and placebo group (n = 34). The intervention group received one synbiotic capsules (500 mg) containing (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus thermophilus) 109 CFU along with the prebiotic fructooligosaccharide and the placebo group received one placebo capsule for 8 weeks. Fasting blood specimens, anthropometric measurements and dietary intake data were gathered at the outset and at the finale of the study. Biochemical evaluations including glycemic indexes (fasting blood glucose, insulin and insulin resistance), serum lipids (triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein) and serum apelin were performed before and after the intervention. The information was analyzed by independent t-test, paired t-test, analysis of covariance and chi-square test. Results: There were no significant differences in terms of physical activity, anthropometric indices, lipids profile and serum apelin levels between the two groups at the beginning of the study. Significant differences were seen in mean of daily energy and carbohydrate intakes , serum insulin and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance between the two groups at baseline( P <0.05).Differences in the levels of physical activity and dietary intake at the end of the study were not significant between the two groups. The means of serum fasting glucose , insulin and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance in the synbiotic group significantly decreased compared to the placebo group at the end of the study (P=0.02, P=0.001 and P=0.002, respectively). Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels significantly increased in the synbiotic group compared to the placebo group at the end of the study (P = 0.02). No significant changes were seen in serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apelin levels between two groups at the end of the trial (P >0.05). Significant decreases in weight (P = 0.02), body mass index (P = 0.02), waist circumference (P = 0.01), hip circumference (P = 0.02) and waist to height ratio (P=0.02) were observed in the synbiotic group compared to placebo group at the final of study. Changes in other anthropometric variables were not significant between the two groups. Conclusion: Synbiotic supplementation improved glycemic indexes, lipids profile and obesity values in women with PCOS and seems to be effective in controlling the complications of this disease. Changes in serum apelin levels were not significant in this study. Other studies are suggested to determine the effect of synbiotics on serum adipokines in women with PCOS.