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The middle perforated substance of the diencephalon
(2008)
The diencephalon, upper brain stem and other basal brain structures are supplied chiefly by penetrating branches of the cerebral arteries. We examined the retrochiasmatic space between the superior border of the pons and ...
The split flexor digitorum superficialis
(2008)
Variations of the muscles of the anterior forearm are common. We report the cadaveric findings of an unusual variant of flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS). The deep part of the FDS was found to be split and showed two ...
A rare variation of the inferior alveolar artery with potential clinical consequences
(2005)
Variations of the inferior alveolar artery are seemingly quite rare, especially with regard to its origin from the maxillary artery. We present an unusual case of an inferior alveolar artery that originated from the external ...
A rare variation of the posterior cranial fossa: Duplicated falx cerebelli, occipital venous sinus, and internal occipital crest
(2006)
Folds of the meningeal layer of the dura mater, the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli, traverse the vertebrate intracranial cavity and thus compartmentalise the brain. The falx cerebelli, another dural fold, is found ...
A rare variation of the vertebral artery
(2006)
Variations of the vertebrobasilar arterial complex are important with regard to their potential clinical impact, We present an unusual case of the vertebral artery, in which the left vertebral artery in its ascent in the ...
Contributions of the fourth spinal nerve to the brachial plexus without prefixation: Laboratory investigation
(2008)
Object. The intradural contributions of the C-4 nerve rootlets have not been previously evaluated for their connections to the brachial plexus. The authors undertook a cadaveric study to evaluate the C-4 contributions to ...
Retroscalenic course of the transverse cervical artery with the suprascapular artery travelling through the suprascapular notch
(2007)
Anatomical variations of the transverse cervical and suprascapular arteries are common. We report an adult male cadaver found to harbour an unusual variation of the right course of these two arteries. The transverse cervical ...
A complex dural-venous variation in the posterior cranial fossa: A triplicate falx cerebelli and an aberrant venous sinus
(2007)
Variations of the dural folds and the dural venous sinuses are seldom reported in the extant medical literature. Such variations in the posterior cranial fossa may be problematic in various diagnostic and operative procedures ...
A comprehensive review with potential significance during skull base and neck operations, Part II: Glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, and hypoglossal nerves and cervical spinal nerves 1-4
(2014)
Knowledge of the possible neural interconnections found between the lower cranial and upper cervical nerves may prove useful to surgeons who operate on the skull base and upper neck regions in order to avoid inadvertent ...
Hindbrain herniation: A review of embryological theories
(2008)
Herniation of the hindbrain outside of the setting of intracranial hypertension, trauma, and brain tumors is an uncommon phenomenon with estimated incidence of less than 1%. In the late 1890's, Hans Chiari, a German ...